Bibliography

1. Probert, David and Graham, Andrew: Advanced Media Studies. Italy
   
   “women are defined in terms of the sexual desirability of their bodies to men, rather then individuals” pg 141
   
   
2. Bennet Peter, Slater Jerry, Wall Peter: A2 Media Studies: The essential introduction. Italy
   
   John Berger- “Men look at women. Women watch themselves being looked at. This determines not only most relations between men and women but also the relation of women to themselves” pg 106
   
3. Branston Gill, Stratford Roy: The Media Studies Students Book- Second edition (1999): Routledge
   
   “Gender differences are culturally formed =, they exist on the basis of biological, but build a huge system of differentiation over and above it” pg 126
   
   “Men were repeatedly represented s ‘housewives, mother, homemakers’. Men were often represented ‘in situations of authority and dominance over women’ aided by the use of male voice overs” pg 127
   
4. Lacey, Nick: Image And Representation- Key concepts in media studies (1998). United States of America: Macmillan Press Ltd
   
   “Stereotypes serve to naturalise the power relationships in society; they have a hegemonic function, so the fact the fact that women are often stereotyped as subservient to men” pg 139
   
5. Jenainati Cathia, Groves Judy: Introducing Feminism (2007). United Kingdom
   
   “if particular care and attention is not paid to the ladies, we are determined to foment a rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any law in which we have no voice, or representation” pg 22
   
   “since all cultural representative of the world around us have been produced by men, women read themselves in terms of masculine definitions and “dream through the dreams of men” thus women is required to accept her status of other, “make herself object” and “renounce her autonomy”. Pg 84
   
6. Oakley, Ann: Gender, women and social science (2005). Great Britain: Policy press, university of Bristol
   
   The an Oakley
   “The assumption that a women’s place is in the home implies that it is not in a career.” Pg 10
   
   “When women do take jobs outside the home, they find themselves almost always doing traditional ‘feminine work’ conforming to conventional ideas of gender roles (Klein, 1965, Sullerot, 1971)” pg 10
   
7. Smith, Sharon: women and film (1972)
   
   "The role of a woman in a film almost always revolves around her physical attraction, and the mating games she plays with the male characters" pg 48
   
8. Faludi, Susan: Backlash: the undeclared war against women (1991)
   
   "Women are being 'reduced to mute and incidental characters or banished altogether' in action movies like preditor (1987), lethal weapon (1987) and days of thunder (1990)"
   pg 48
   
9. Gauntlett, David: Media, Gender and Identity (2002). Routledge
   
   "Men are much more likely to be adventurous, active and victorious, whereas women were more frequently shown as weak, ineffectual, victimised, supportive, laughable, or 'merely token females'" chapter 3pg 42
   
10. Forgot the name of the book =(.. will find out soon :)
    
    Charlie’s angels (2001) “whilst playing with conventions of the action genre and making the women protagonist active, the camera is used to focus on how they look and in particular the attractiveness of their bodies” pg 247
11. Tim O'Sullivan, Brian Duttin, Philip Rayner: Studying the media(1944). Philip Rayner:Great Britain
    
    
    "The female body is displayed for the 'male gaze' in order to provide erotic pleasure (voyeurism) and ultimatley a sense of control over her (Laura Mulvey:1079)"
    
    "One of the strongest cultural values concerning gender differences is that women are judged by their looks more then men"
    
    Emanuel Levy(!990) concluded that physical looks and youth were far more important for the female star"
    
    "The median age for female stars was 27, compared to 36 for men"
12. Gill Branston, Roy Stafford: The Media Students Book-third edition (2003). Routlesdge: Usa and Canada
    
    "Women were repeatedly shown as housewives, mothers, home-makers while men were often represented in situations of authority and dominance over women" (pg95)